Description of varieties of short marigolds: photo. Proper Care Tips

Marigolds are one of the most famous flowering plants. But did you know that these flowers are well-known to all foreigners! Their homeland is South and Central America.

Back in the 16th century, on the ships of sailors, the seeds of this plant from the aster family were delivered to Spain. In this article we will talk about the types of this flower, its varieties, the rules of cultivation and care. It will also be useful to watch an interesting video.

Appearance and color names

Crowned plants are inflorescences, baskets of yellow, orange, brown, reddish-brown, motley shades, which can be either single or collected in complex inflorescences. Marigolds bloom profusely and for a long time, from June to the first frosts. You can recognize these flowers by the strong spicy smell exuded by both flowers and leaves.

Marigolds are divided into 3 species according to the height of the stem in the bush:

1. erect, or African, (massive and strong stems up to 1 m high);
2. thin-leaved, or Mexican, (have a dense compact bush up to 40 cm);
3. rejected, or French, (stunted plants 30-50 cm).

You will find all the details about these three types of marigolds and their care on the open ground in a separate article.

Low-growing Mexican and French marigolds are very popular with gardeners and gardeners, because they are great for decorating flower beds, front gardens and alpine slides. And since they can bloom in a very small amount of soil, they can be used for landscaping balconies and loggias of houses (about the features of growing marigolds in boxes and pots at home read here). French marigolds bloom from early summer to late October in all shades of orange.

1. The most popular varieties of French (undersized) marigolds, which have small inflorescences with a diameter of 3-5 centimeters, are marigold varieties:
   • Vilmorin (not higher than 26 cm with terry small flowers in the form of bows of saturated yellow color).
   • Cherry bracelet (dense bush does not exceed 25 cm with flowers of red and cherry color).
   • Gold Copchen (dense bushy dense bush 25 cm high and terry inflorescences of golden hues).
   • Golden ball (compact bush, not more than 30 cm in height with colorful terry branches and golden flowers that look like pillows).
   • Carmen (a sprawling plant no higher than 30 cm tall with yellow flowers in the middle, reddish-brown at the edges).
   • Queen Sofia (dense bush, not more than 30 cm in height, with yellow edges and bright burgundy flowers in the middle).
   • Orange flame (dense dense bush with orange-red flowers).
2. Thin-leaved marigolds (Mexican) are no less in demand, because they do not require special conditions for planting and care. Mexican marigolds are small bushes up to 40 cm tall, with small leaves that are often used for culinary purposes. The most popular varieties are:
   • Gnome (bush up to 25 cm with spherical orange-brown flowers).
   • Lulu (plentifully blossoming sprawling bushes with neat thin leaves and small inflorescences with yellow and lemon-colored flowers).

You can find more information about the types and varieties of tagetes with photos here.

Photo

Look at the photos of these charming large-flowered plants:

Care Rules

In order for your marigolds to captivate with their beauty, when leaving, you need to fulfill several conditions for the optimal growth of these plants.

These conditions are:

• lighting;
• temperature;
• soil composition;
• watering;
• top dressing;
• weeding and loosening;
• proximity to other plants.

1. Lighting. Marigolds love bright lighting. Plant them in your garden in direct sunlight, then they will bloom very luxuriantly. A place for landing undersized marigolds is better to choose an open, submerged. It should also be borne in mind that closely planted plants themselves create a shadow, therefore, when planting, low-growing plants should be placed at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.

   If you do not have a lot of well-lit land, remember that these plants easily tolerate shade and partial shade. How to plant marigolds in the city? Remember that the place for planting flowers should be sunny, therefore, open areas of soil or places near the bright sides of buildings are suitable for flower beds, and for southern balcony plantings - the southern, eastern or western sides of the building.

2. Temperature. Marigolds are thermophilic plants; for seed germination, a temperature of 22-25 degrees is desirable, and for full growth, a temperature of 20-23 degrees is optimal. Marigold seedlings are planted in open ground after the end of all spring frosts. How to do it right, we told here.

   At low temperatures, their growth slows down, the leaves turn pale. At the first frost, the plants die.

3. Soil composition. It is believed that undersized marigolds are unpretentious to the composition of the soil and will bloom even without fertilizers. But still, this culture requires good nutrient soil, loamy or neutral. If the soil is sandy at your site, then it can be compacted by adding chernozem or humus.

   The soil should be drained, loose, well-permeable to water, fertilized with complex fertilizer. You can not plant a crop on acidic, heavy soils with stagnant water, because the root system decays very quickly.

4. Watering. Marigolds should be watered moderately, but regularly. During the period of active growth, do not allow the soil to dry out, otherwise the plants will be weak, and the inflorescences will be small. When the plant begins to tie inflorescences and bloom, watering is limited, because there is a risk of watering the roots, which will lead to rot and fungal diseases. It is better to water in the evening.
5. Top dressing. It is believed that marigolds do not have to be fed. But abundant, lush flowering is possible only with high-quality feeding. Planting seedlings is best done in soil fertilized with manure or mixed with humus. Next, marigolds planted in the garden or in the flower beds need to be fed 3 times.

   The first time fertilizers are applied during the active growth of the plant, when its height is 10-12 cm. Then they are fed when the first buds appear. The third top dressing should be done just before flowering or at the beginning of flowering. Frequent fertilizer will slow down the flowering of marigolds. In more detail about how to feed marigolds for abundant flowering, we wrote in this article.

   How many times to feed flowers planted on balconies in flowerpots and pots? The soil in such tanks is rapidly depleted, and without fertilizing, marigolds will stop flowering. Therefore, such plants need to be fed 1 time in 2 weeks. For fertilizer, you can use only complex substances: "Agricola-7", "Good Strength", fertilizer for flowering plants.

   IMPORTANT: Remember that nitrogen fertilizers stimulate growth, but inhibit flowering.
6. Weeding and loosening of marigolds. Weeding of marigolds should be done regularly, as the flowers love good lighting, and weeds not only deprive cultivated plants of nutrients, but also obscure the plantings. Soil loosening is the creation of sufficient aeration of the root system - the oxygen nutrition of the roots, necessary for the formation of a lush flowering bush.

   Loosening the place of landing of marigolds is mandatory throughout the growth and flowering. To form a beautiful bush, you need to trim the twigs, faded inflorescences, yellowed leaves.

We covered the care of marigolds on open ground in detail in this article, and about how to care for them at home, read here.

Diseases and Pests

If you care for marigolds, taking into account all the conditions for optimal growth, then the flowers will delight you with their wonderful appearance for several months. But pests and diseases are inevitable if weather conditions are not normal and care conditions are violated.

So with dampness, rot, fungus, slugs and snails may appear on the plant. With the Black Leg, the so-called fungal disease, the stem is covered with white spots, which then darken and begin to rot.

The plant can no longer be saved, it needs to be removed, and the land should be treated with fungicides, ash, perlite, and watering must be reduced. Root gray rot, which occurs when too much watering and low temperature, leads to shoots yellowing and death. Slugs and snails can be found by looking at the leaves of marigolds and by loosening the earth around the plant. There are 2 ways to get rid of pests:

1. Collect them.
2. Pour ash or lime around each stem as a barrier.

If there is a dry summer or insufficient watering, a spider mite may appear, and then the leaves and flowers become covered with white coating. You can fight the tick by constantly moistening the air around the landings. About what to do if a spider mite or other pest has appeared on the plant, read in a separate material.

Black bugs or white butterflies can appear on the leaves of marigold seedlings, they feed on the plant's juices and they can be destroyed only thanks to chemical insecticides or infusion of garlic, tobacco leaves or celandine.

How do they breed?

All species of marigold are propagated by seed., which each grower can collect himself after the first planting of flowers, leaving drying cups of flowers on the plant (how and when is it better to collect marigold seeds?). Marigolds can be sown on seedlings and immediately into the ground. For seedlings undersized marigolds need to be sown in early April, and then they will bloom in June.

Prepare the soil for sowing in the following proportion:

• humus;
• peat;
• turf;
• sand (1; 1; 1; 0.5).

Be sure to disinfect the resulting mixture with a fungicide solution or a dark pink potassium permanganate solution. Then make grooves in the mixture and plant seeds at a distance of 1.5 - 2 cm. Water carefully, in moderation. Plant stunted marigolds into the ground after all frosts according to the 20x20 pattern.

Immediately in the soil you need to sow previously soaked, and preferably germinated seeds. To do this, make holes, place seeds in them, sprinkle with a nutritious mixture and pour. After germination, thin out the plants, leaving the strongest.

You will learn how to grow a plant from seeds here, and here we talked about how to grow marigold seedlings ourselves.

Watch the video about planting marigolds on seedlings:

Conclusion

Growing all kinds of marigolds, you need to remember that the beauty of these flowers is the work of man. And undersized marigolds imperceptibly create amazing floral arrangements, pleasing to the eye at minimal cost. Therefore, they deserve our attention.

Watch the video: Huge Marigold in My GardenMarigold grow & care tipsWinter Flower Marigold Many Varieties english (December 2024).