Variety of denrobium orchids: how to care at home?

Orchid is a delicate and beautiful flower, which is famous for its long and bright flowering. Among the whole variety of varieties, flower growers distinguish such a type of orchid as dendrobium.

This perennial plant requires increased attention in terms of care. Otherwise, the flower may die. You will learn how to grow this beautiful flower and what it needs for flowering in our article. Also watch a helpful video on the topic.

What kind of species is this?

Orchid Dendrobium is an epiphyte, which has a small stature and is distinguished by unusual flowers.. They cover the entire cylindrical stem of the orchid. In nature, this type of flower grows on trees, land and rocks. Most species of orchids are capricious. Breeders have bred varieties intended for home cultivation.

Subsorta: description and photo

Since there are a lot of dendrobium species, it is difficult to determine which one is the most beautiful. The following types are suitable for home use:

Parisha

This plant is distinguished by fleshy stems, the height of which is 30-40 cm. Each stem is shrouded in a whitish base of leaves and has thickenings in nodes. The leaves are oblong, they have a sharp shape, and the top is slightly incised. The diameter of the flower is 10 cm. They are concentrated on bare peduncles. Their color is lilac or pink.

Lindley

This plant is similar to a bulb with short stems. Their height reaches 8 cm. On each of them there is a leathery leaf of oblong shape. The flowers of a golden yellow flower.

Kinga

This variety is distinguished by rigid and cylindrical stems. Their height reaches 30 cm. Each stem is covered with leaves. The flowers are small, their color can vary from white to bright purple.

Bushy

A plant that is distinguished by erect stems. Leaves are narrow, lanceolate. On each stalk there are 3-4 of them. The flowers have an amazing aroma, and their color is yellow..

Nobile

This is a large plant with straight, fleshy stems. The leaves are leathery and sessile, they have an oblong shape. The flowers are whitish-cream at the base and pink at the edges.

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis

This is a large flower with long, fleshy stems. Leaves are long and lanceolate. Peduncle length 60 cm. Flower size 3-8 cm. Flowering lasts 3 months. The color of the petals can be dark red or raspberry..

Rules for the care and maintenance of the plant

Before buds open

For abundant flowering and flower growth, the formation of new pseudobulbs, he needs to ensure complete care. It includes:

• regular watering;
• top dressing;
• irrigation and shower on especially hot days.

Especially often, hydration is required during the flowering and growth period.. But only a constant presence in a humid environment for the roots is unacceptable. The soil between waterings should dry.

TIP: The best way to moisturize is by immersing the flower in filtered water. Its temperature should be several degrees warmer than room temperature. Combine soil moisture with fertilizing.

After

As soon as the last flower withers near the orchid, the peduncle must be removed. After that, gradually stop watering, and transfer the flower to a cooler place.

If the daylight is short, then the growth of the dendrobium may stop, and the plant itself will fall into hibernation. It will not die, but only its growth and flowering will be worse in the future. So in winter use phytolamp for additional illumination.

If the plant growth has stopped, then remove it from heat sources and stop watering. Switch to watering only after the new sprouts of the orchid are 2-3 cm longer and take on new roots.

Growing at home and outdoors

In room

In terms of care, the orchid is demanding, so for its growth it will be necessary to create optimal conditions and proper care. When a plant grows green mass and root system, abundant watering is required. And every time to make sure that the earthen lump is drying out. Add top dressing only after flower buds begin to form. But finish with the introduction of fertilizers, as soon as new shoots are formed. To maintain normal humidity, it is necessary to spray the flower and install a container of water near it.

Outside the window

Keeping an orchid outdoors is risky. Due to a sharp jump in temperature after the end of the warm months, the plant may die. At the end of spring, take the flowerpot out onto the street, but only observe the following conditions:

1. The air temperature should not be lower than 10 degrees.
2. The place where the flower will be located should be protected from sunlight and precipitation.
3. Set the flowerpot on the stand. Leave on open soil or windowsill is not worth it.

Caring according to the season

Spring and summer

In the warmer months, air humidity is lowered. Spraying will help prevent this. And you can install the plant on a pallet with wet pebbles. In spring and summer, when there is an active growth of the plant, buds are tied, and fertilizing is done. Do this every third watering. Use a fertilizer that is especially suitable for orchids.. It is also necessary to carry out foliar top dressing. In spring, a dendrobium transplant is also performed. Only spend it not every year, but once every 2-3 years.

Fall and winter

ATTENTION: In the cold season, watering should be limited. The reason is that frequent hydration will lead to a lack of flowering and decay of the root system. For irrigation use only warm and soft water.

In autumn, starting in mid-October, moisturizing is reduced and fully completed by November. Temperature indicators should be reduced to 15-18 degrees. This is a kind of preparation of the plant for peace. The next 2-3 months, do not disturb the flower, as it rests and prepares for flowering.

Top dressing

From April to September, when there is an active growth of orchids, fertilizers must be applied. Top dressing is used 2 times a month. This requires special complex formulations designed for orchids. To fertilize according to the instructions. Share this very carefully, since a strong concentration of the solution will lead to a burn of the root system. In winter, feed dendrobium with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. To make nitrogen composition no more than 2 times a month.

Watch the video about the proper fertilizing of orchids:

How can I propagate?

Bush division

Large and adult bush after flowering is transplanted into a new pot. At this time, it can be divided. To do this, remove from the pot, clean from an earthen coma and divide into parts. Carry out the division with extreme care, first untangle the roots, and then with the help of a clean and sharp knife cut off what did not work out. For processing slices, garden var or crushed coal is used.

Each split must contain 2-3 young shoots and as many mature bulbs. Young shoots should be planted in miniature separate containers, watered and set in a carefully lit place where the temperature regime of 22 degrees will be observed.

Cuttings

Propagation of the orchid by cuttings occurs in several stages:

1. Cut the cuttings from the pseudobulb. The length of each stalk should be 10 cm.
2. For processing slices, use crushed coal or garden var.
3. First, install the cuttings in moist sphagnum moss, and after the formation of roots, they can be planted in soil intended for orchids.
4. Do not moisten the cuttings during the first two weeks.

Watch the video on the propagation of dendrobium by cuttings:

Transplant Features

IMPORTANT: Transplantation of dendrobiums is painful. So do it no more than once every 3 years. Perform a transplant in the spring when the plant will have active growth. To do this, use soil designed for epiphytic orchids.

To obtain a nutritional composition with your own hands, you will need to take in equal amounts the following components:

• peaty soil;
• sphagnum;
• pine bark;
• charcoal.

The container for dendrobiums should be made of ceramic or plastic, but not transparent. Lay a drainage layer on the bottom.

Watch the video on the correct dendrobium transplant:

Bloom

It is impossible to give an exact answer when the dendrobium blooms. In the latitudes of Russia, this happens in the cold season, but there are situations when the orchid does not bloom. The reasons are as follows:

• The dormant period of the orchid is violated, as a result of which it does not produce flowers, but children.
• The attack of pests that wound up on a flower and prevent it from fulfilling the laid program.
• Finding a flower in a stuffy room, as a result of which the orchid does not receive the necessary amount of air.
• Lack of light or too high a temperature.
• Excessive moisture after bud formation leads to repeated hibernation.

The following methods allow the plant to bloom:

1. Set the flower in a bright place where the temperature is 16-18 degrees. Watering stop.
2. If the plant does not wake up by the beginning of spring, then fertilize the next 3 waterings. Use phosphoric compounds.
3. When a new growth appears, stop watering until its height reaches 2-3 cm and it takes root. After that, you can resume watering.

Diseases and problems

If orchid care is not followed, it can be affected by diseases and pests. Dendrobiums can infect parasites such as aphids, spider mites, scale insects, and thrips. The disease can be identified by the following signs:

• Gray-brown leaf color. A silver luster forms on their surface. These are the symptoms of thrips. If the degree of damage is critical, then the leaves fall off. Also, these insects harm the surface of flowers. They warp and distort color. For treatment, fungicides must be used.
• Leaves dry and fall. Scale can affect the development of this problem. These insects look like brown plaques. They are located on the surface of the sheet and suck out the juice from it. To combat the parasite, it is necessary to treat with a soap solution (40 g of soap and 10 l of water). After that, treat with 0.15% Actellik solution.
• Folded stems. This phenomenon is normal during the formation of new shoots and the dry period.
• Orchid does not bloom, but there is an active formation of children. The main cause of this problem is rotting due to excessive watering.
• The pseudobulb has turned brown or yellow. This occurs when rotting due to heavy watering.
• Thin young shoots. This process is considered the norm, so that after growth is over, the shoots will be denser.

Where can I buy seeds and how much will they cost?

You can buy dendrobium seeds at any specialized flower shop or order online. The average cost in Moscow or St. Petersburg is 40 rubles.

Dendrobium is one of the popular varieties of orchids., which is appreciated by flower growers for its long flowering period and beautiful coloring. But only in terms of care, these flowers are very moody. It is enough to make one minor mistake, which as a result will lead to the death of the plant. So before buying an orchid, you should carefully read what it prefers and in what conditions it is grown.

Watch the video: Different Dendrobium Orchids, different care requirements (December 2024).